experiments  >>   heisenberg's uncertainty principle

Phase velocity of rope-waves


   

A quadrangular rubber rope is inserted through the Wave-driver brass insertion hole and a linear polarised fixed wave is generated. With the help of a stroboscope, the frequency and the wave length are determined. Then the phase velocity of rope waves with a fixed tensile stress is ascertained. Subsequently, the mathematical relationship between the phase velocity of the rope and the tensile on the rope is examined.
Square section rubber strip is used to demonstrate the propagation and reflection of transversal waves; specially conceived to be used with the Wave-driver.

Related topics with this setup are:

The problems/experiments are mentioned below:
› Propagation and superposition of string waves.
› time analysis of a stationary transversal wave.
› frequency conditions for different waves in the same medium; basic and harmonic oscillations.
› velocity of propagation of a mechanical wave; dependence on frequency.
› dependence between the velocity of propagation and the tension of the string.
› velocity of propagation in different media; the index of refraction n.
› superposition of two linearly polarised transversal waves having the same frequency and amplitude, and propagating in the same direction; dependence from the difference of phases.
› Superposition of two waves with different frequencies and propagating in opposite directions.
› With constant tensile stress, the frequency f, which depends on the wavelength l of the wave that propagates itself along the rope. The frequency is plotted as a function of 1/l. From this graph, the phase velocity c is determined.
› superposition of two linearly polarised transversal waves having the same frequency and propagating in the same direction; dependence from amplitudes and difference of phases.
› The phase velocity c of the rope waves, which depends on the tensile stress on the rope is to be measured. The quadrant of the phase velocity is plotted as a function of tensile stress.

Varied experiments which may be carried out with a few additions like a sound pattern plate (round or square) and some fine river sand, to your equipment setup.
Sound waves and their propagation can be explained with an examination of a plane wave of a single frequency passing through the air. A plane wave is a wave that propagates through space as a plane, rather than as a sphere of increasing radius. As such, it is not perfectly representative of sound. A wave of single frequency would be heard as a pure sound such as that generated by a tuning fork that has been lightly struck. As a theoretical model, it helps to elucidate many of the properties of a sound wave.
To demonstrate the shapes of natural oscillations of plates through visualisation of Chladni’s sound figures.Oscillations shapes (as illustrated in the figure) are visualised very clearly by sprinkling fine dry sand on the plate, the sand gathers at the vibration nodes

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experiments  >>   heisenberg's uncertainty principle